The basics 1 antennas radiate or receive because electrons are accelerated or are caused to accelerate in the antennas elements radio or electromagnetic waves are both an e electric and h magnetic field electrons move parallel to efields strongest radiation from accelerating electrons linearly back and forth 20. Invertedf and meander line antennas 2 invertedf antenna input output quarterwave figure 2. A meander line antenna can be realized by bending the conventional linear monopole antenna to decrease the size of antenna 5. When the size of antenna is reduced, the radiation resistance is reduced. Contents introduction to the fourth edition ix 1 introduction to radio broadcasting and communications 1 2 radiowave propagation 5 3 transmission lines 59 4 the smith chart 95 5 fundamentals of radio antennas 123 6 highfrequency dipole and other doublet antennas 141 7 vertically polarized hf antennas 173 8 multiband and tunablewire antennas 203 9 longwire. Antenna gain is expressed as a ra tio of the effective radiated output power pout to the input power pin the gain of an antenna is a measure of power transmitted relative. The tunable inverted l meander line antenna being suitable for spaceconstrained uses. A double sided meandered line dipole antenna with tapered balun and. Pdf dual band meander line dipole antenna with harmonic. Mutual coupling reduction between patch antennas using. A microstrip meander line reconfigurable antenna for. Previous studies have addressed the design classic meander line 2. A conductor, which is designed to carry current over large distances with minimum losses, is termed as a transmission. Antenna whether it transmits or receives or does both can be connected to the circuitry at the station through a transmission line.
A simple analytic formula, found in the literature for calculating the resonant frequency of a meander line dipole antenna mda in free space from its. Near field and far field the space around the antenna can be divided into near field and far field. Design of meanderline antennas for radio frequency. Mutual coupling reduction between closely placed microstrip. The first resonance of meander dipole antenna is at 200 mhz. An antenna must be tuned matched to the same frequency band as the radio. The meander line is preferred over all other techniques due to lowprofile, ease of printing and lowcost. What is meander line antenna meander line patch antenna.
Design meander line antenna basic calculation for 2. A meanderline antenna can be realized by bending the conventional linear monopole antenna to decrease the size of antenna 5. The slot antenna can be considered as a loaded version of the inf antenna. To satisfy the antenna size of lte devices, meander line technology is used to reduce the resonant length of the antenna. The microstrip meander conducting line with zero thickness for the numerical analysis is mounted on a dielectric substrate, which is sandwiched between a dielectric cover and grounded conductor. When the feed point is moved to the shortcircuited end of the slot or inf antenna, the impedance decreases. However, there still is a need for a meanderline antenna that can provide wider frequency bandwidth for 5. Design and comparative study of meander antenna and. A double sided meandered line dipole antenna with tapered balun and two stubs on tapered balun were embedded.
Performance of a meandered line as an electrically small. The meanderline element and ground plane are patterned on a very thin dielectric sheet. After completing this tutorial, you will be able to calculate the parameters of an antenna and decide which antenna suits for which type of application and why. Meander line antenna design using an adaptive genetic algorithm. The prototype is proposed for wireless localarea network wlan applications in the 2. Antennas 101 2 the basics 1 antennas radiate or receive because electrons are accelerated or are caused to accelerate in the antenna s elements radio or electromagnetic waves are both an e electric and h magnetic field electrons move parallel to efields strongest radiation from accelerating. Antenna basic concepts antenna an antenna is a device to transmit andor receive electromagnetic waves. In this application, there is a need for directive transponders to select properly the target tag, which in turn must be ideally isotropic. A transmitting antenna transforms electric currents into radio waves and a receiving antenna transforms an electromagnetic field back into electric current. Professional design software hfss is used to design and optimize a 0.
Pdf dual band meander line dipole antenna with harmonic traps. Typical meander antenna size reduction factor as a function of line spacing. This paper presents optimization problem formulations to design meanderline antennas for passive uhf radio frequency identification tags based on given specifications of input impedance, frequency range, and geometric constraints. The influence of the meander part of the antenna is similar to a load and the meander line sections are considered as shortedterminated transmission lines as shown in figure 3. Meander line antenna mla is the most usage of antenna that use in lte. If the length of the conductor is a certain ratio or multiple of the.
The gain of the antenna is efficient for meander line antenna to operate well at 2. About the tutorial this tutorial is meant to provide the readers a detailed description of the antennas used in communication systems. Thus, an antenna with a gain of 3 dbd would have a gain of 5. Long term evolution lte is a fourth generation standard for wireless communications of high data speed at the user terminal. In the first configuration, one ml is inserted in the slot of the.
Dual band meander line antenna for wireless lan communication a. The lumped circuit element model of the antenna is shown in fig. Transmission line and antenna planar type transmission line wire or printed trace radiator. The authors in 6 proposed a meanderline structure for pcmcia cards at 2. In th is model, the meanderline is regarded as a parallel lc circuit and the top of the radiation element is modelled by a series capacitance caused by the end effect 6. Electronic switches, including solid state switches being used to tune the slowwave meander line inverted l antenna. As fvm mentioned, you start with a lambda4 monopole connected to a large ground, then meander that monopole. Antenna gain relative to a dipole antenna can be expressed in decibels as dbd. Design of reconfigurable meanderline mimo antenna for. The dipolemeander class creates a meander dipole antenna with four dipoles. Meander lines mls in two configurations are presented to reduce the mutual coupling mc between two microstrip patch antenna elements.
The design of meander line antenna is a set of horizontal and vertical lines. Design and analysis of a folded meander dipole antenna using the mininec program pedro a. This work is brought to you for free and open access by the university graduate school at fiu digital commons. H 3 2 antenna basics an antenna is basically a conductor exposed in space. Design of meander line antenna for operating frequency of 2. The 3d view for gain of meander line antenna is also shown in fig. An antenna is a device that provides a transition between electric currents on a conductor and electromagnetic waves in space. Performance of a meandered line as an electrically small transmitting antenna thomas j. In our case, for the purpose of reducing the size of transponder, a meanderline antenna mla is an attractive choice. This paper proposes an electrically two type of smallsize antenna that is based on the meander antenna structure that. Bandwidth enhancement for low frequency meander line. Gainoptimized selfresonant meander line antennas for. Two meandering sections are printed symmetrically on both sides of the dielectric substrate, and a.
Inserting a slot in the ground plane between the antenna elements is a simple method to reduce the mc, while adding the mls in the slot of the ground can further reduce the mc. Meander line antenna, meander line antenna theory, meander line antenna wiki, meander line antenna design equations, meander line antenna meander line antenna basics. In our case, for the purpose of reducing the size of transponder, a meander line antenna mla is an attractive choice. Design and analysis of meander microstrip antenna at.
Doublelayered capacitive stripeloaded meander line antenna to further broaden the impedance bandwidth, doublelayered mlas are designed on the basis of mla3. The radiation pattern of the meander line antenna was shown in fig. That assumption proved to be correct as i have received letters from a wide variety of people. Bandwidth enhancement for low frequency meander line antenna. Khaleghi abstracta printed meander line antenna is described with a shaped ground plane and a back coupled rectangular patch. Electronic switches, including solid state switches being used to tune the slowwave meanderline inverted l antenna. The functioning of an antenna depends upon the radiation mechanism of a transmission line. Two different designs of meander line antenna are investigated, without conductor line. Meander line antenna design using an adaptive genetic.
However, there is a nonzero coupling between two radiating element or antenna. In the first configuration, one ml is inserted in the slot of the ground and a. This inductance is important because electrically small antennas can have a signi. As proposed in 2, folding the elements in a meander produces a wire configura. S parameters of the antenna structure are presented in figure 4. Number of lines for a typical meander antenna as a function of antenna size reduction factor. A long term evolution lte applications based antenna is designed with different meander lines, are exhibited in 9. Assessment of meanderline antenna covered with dielectric. The basics of quadrifilar helix antennas orban microwave. The investigation has been done for different type of feeding and with and without conductor line.
Invertedf and meander line antennas application note. S21 of the antenna without meander line resonator is about 10db in the operating region. Meanderline is a type of printed antenna that can achieve miniaturization in size by embedding a wire structure onto a dielectric substrate. Moreover, a high q antenna is also difficult to match and tune.
However, there still is a need for a meander line antenna that can provide wider frequency bandwidth for 5. Fixed conductor line length c2 and conductor line width. Typically, electrically small antenna has low radiation efficiency and narrow bandwidth. For low matching network loss, the q of the matchingtuning elements should be significantly higher than the q of the antenna. Dual band meander line dipole antenna with harmonic traps is presented in this paper. Invertedf antenna the invertedf is a quarterwave antenna. Analysis of covered meander line antenna the structure of the meander line antenna is shown in fig. The study of different impedance meander line for planar. Pdf design and simulation of meander line antenna for. The reconfigurable antenna which is capable of modifying dynamically its frequency and radiation properties in a controlled manner.
This would increase the maximum coverage distance away from the router, allowing. An antenna includes one or more conductive elements for acting as radiating antenna elements, and a slow wave meander line adapted to couple electrical signals between the conductive elements, wherein the meander line has an effective electrical length which affects the electrical length and operating characteristics of the antenna. But these antennas have some disadvantages, low radiation efficiency. The success of the three previous editions of practical antenna handbook has been most gratifying. Design, fabrication, and characterization of a dual. An equivalent circuit model for meanderline monopole. In the ultrahigh frequency uhf band, especially below 1 ghz, meander line antennas mla are an attractive choice for the purpose of reducing the tag sizes. We will use the empirical equations to come up with a meander line antenna mla that has a resonant frequency of 2. Analysis of covered meanderline antenna the structure of the meanderline antenna is shown in fig.
The effect of conductor line to meander line antenna design. The parameters of the meander line antenna, which is considered in this paper, are horizontal length h, vertical length v, and the number of turns n. This paper presents optimization problem formulations to design meander line antennas for passive uhf radio frequency identification tags based on given specifications of input impedance, frequency range, and geometric constraints. Design and analysis of a folded meander dipole antenna. This evolved technology needs a cutting edge system component to be designed for the node b base station and the user. Unfortunately, a high q antenna is a very narrowband antenna and thus more sensitive to detuning due to technological spreading, hand effect, etc. The basics of quadrifilar helix antennas technical article. Meander line antenna with artificial magnetic conductor. A more compact design of a meander line antenna was designed to operate at 2. In this paper, the meander line antenna mla have been designed to operate at 2. Electromagnetic waves are often referred to as radio waves. The ability of an antenna to focus electromagnetic energy is defined by its gain.
A microstrip meander line reconfigurable antenna for wireless. The gain of these antennas is between the ranges between 8dbi to 20dbi. Low bandwidth of the classic meander line antennas is a problem 3, as the classic meander line antenna is one of the mi. Combination of horizontal and vertical lines forms. The feed point is located somewhere between the earth end and the open end. Antenna basics this section describes the essential antenna definitions and principles required to understand subsequent sections. Analysis and design of meander line dipole antennas. Experimental results and validation todetermine if thedesign in fig.
The proposed new microstrip antenna is a multiple resonant meander line antenna etched on one side of a microwave substrate with a ground plane on the other side. The authors in 6 proposed a meander line structure for pcmcia cards at 2. Meander antenna design the meander design information supplied by rashed and tai was minimal, but proved a starting point 7. The system and method for a tunable, slowwave meander line antenna having a plurality of coplanar alternating high and low impedance traces. Apr 30, 2018 meander line antenna, meander line antenna theory, meander line antenna wiki, meander line antenna design equations, meander line antenna meander line antenna basics. The antenna is center fed and it is symmetric about its origin.
Hi all, i will like to know the basics of designing a meander line antenna. Antenna design based on meander line technique to be. Design of meander line antenna for operating frequency of. What i will also like to know is how skycross seem to be able to use this design technique to control the radiation patterns and obtain a broadbanddualabnd antenna with acceptable gain. Design and analysis of meander microstrip antenna at wireless. Us105142b2 electrically tuned, meandered, inverted l. Most antennas are resonant devices, which operate efficiently over a relatively narrow frequency band. Pdf meander lineloaded planar monopole antennas amr. An introduction to defected ground structures in microstrip. Meander line antenna has some advantages, it is electrically small, low profile antenna and has simple structure thus gives higher bandwidth 1. Design and analysis of a folded meander dipole antenna using.
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